United States Department of Veterans Affairs

Clinical Reminder for follow up of positive alcohol use screen (AUDIT-C)

Date: January 2008

Overview
These are screen captures of the VA's clinical reminder for alcohol counseling and assessment that was released nationally in January of 2008. This reminder is available with the installation of Patch 6 (PXRM*2*6).

In the AUDIT-C Needs Evaluation Clinical Reminder, the clinician is presented with two different screens, based on the AUDIT-C score. The content of these screens is similar, except that patients who score less than 8 are first evaluated to determine if they are drinking above recommended limits.

Figure 1 is the screen presented when the AUDIT-C score is between 4 and 7. This first screen presents the clinician with the score range, basic interpretation of the score and the recommended limits of alcohol consumption.

The clinician is then prompted to ask the patient whether they drink above or below these limits. The answer to this question takes them to the next screen (Figure 2-3).

Figure 1

Figure 1. The following text appears on the computer screen: AUDIT-C is positive for alcohol misuse with score of 5 to 7. (Alcohol Misuse: 3 to 4 equals mild, 5 to 7 equals moderate, 8 or higher equals severe.) Patients with a history of alcohol related treatment are at high risk for relapse. Consider referral for any alcohol use. Does the patient drink above the recommended limits? Men less than or equal to 14 drinks per week and maximum of 4 drinks per occasion. Women less than or equal to 7 drinks per week and maximum of 3 drinks per occasion. No. Yes.

In Figure 2, if the patient does not drink above recommended limits, the clinician is guided to counsel them to stay at or below their current drinking levels. Medical risks of alcohol are also reviewed. When the user clicks on the "Finish" button, then the reminder is completed.

Figure 2

Figure 2. The following text appears on the computer screen when no is selected in response to the question, Does the patient drink above the recommended limits? Advised to stay within recommended limits, which were reviewed with patient. Medical risks of alcohol reviewed. Discuss again if AUDIT-C remains positive.

Figure 3 shows the options presented to the clinician if the patient drinks above recommended limits. When the "Yes" button is clicked, dialog opens guiding the clinician through a brief intervention either counseling the patient to abstain or cut down. Medical problems associated with alcohol use are also reviewed. The required elements of the clinical reminder are completed after these two elements are addressed.

Figure 3

Figure 3. The following text appears on the computer screen when yes is selected in response to the question, Does the patient drink above the recommended limits? A brief intervention is indicated. See required interventions below. Offer referral as appropriate. Required Interventions. Advice - Choose one. Advised patient to abstain. Re-address at next visit. Advised patient about recommended limits and to drink below them. Re-address at next visit. Required Feedback. Medical problems associated with alcohol use reviewed with patient. Hypertension. CHF. Liver disease. Seizures. Injury.

Figure 4 shows the advice options seen in Figure 3, but also the optional intervention a clinician may elect to use. The expanded dialog below allows the clinician to document the patient's response to the counseling documented in the first part of the reminder.

Figure 4

Figure 4. The following text appears on the computer screen when Optional Interventions, Patient's response to counseling is selected. Not ready to change. Agrees to trial of abstinence. Agrees to limit drinking as following. Maximum drinks per week. Maximum drinks per occasion.

Figure 5 further expands the optional interventions a clinician may elect to use to assess their patient's alcohol use. The Assessment section allows for viewing of current blood pressure, and labs. Figure 6 will show an expansion of the AUDIT 0 and Readiness to Change options.

Figure 5

Figure 5. The following text appears on the computer screen when Optional Interventions, Assess alcohol use in more detail is selected: View BP, LFT's, CBC. Click to include the information in the note. BP: 136/86 (03/19/2007 07:58). CBC. Liver enzymes. Assess for alcohol dependence using DSM IV criteria. Three or more in the past year. Check all that apply. Tolerance (drinks more for same effects). Withdrawal or morning drinking. Impaired control: drank more or longer than intended. Unable to cut down. Large amount of time spent drinking or recovering from drinking. Neglect other responsibilities or activities. Continued use despite acknowledgement of problems caused by drinking. Perform an AUDIT 10 screen. Readiness to change. Refer to MH/SATP if patient is interested.

Figure 6 shows expansion of the AUDIT 10 option and assessment of readiness to change. If the user clicks on the box that says "Perform AUDIT", it will bring up the 10 item AUDIT, which, when completed will give a score and interpretation of the score.

Figure 6

Figure 6. The following text appears on the computer screen when Optional Interventions, Assess alcohol use in more detail, Readiness to change is selected: Do you think you drink more than you should? Answer. Yes. No. Not sure. Has the amount you drink changed in the last 3 months. Answer. No, drinks the same. Yes, drinks less. Yes, drinks more. Are you interested in drinking less? Answer: Yes. No. Not sure.

Figure 7 shows the compressed view of the options presented when a clinician clicks "Yes" to the question "Does the patient drink above recommended limits?"

The options clicked highlight the clinician option to refer to a specialty program or to document the patient's refusal of referral. When the Refer option is clicked, it will bring up a mental health or specialty care consult dialog so the order for referral can be entered directly from the clinical reminder.

Figure 7

Figure 7. Compressed view of the the computer screen when yes is selected in response to the question, Does the patient drink above the recommended limits? Optional Interventions. Options selected are Refer to MH/SATP if patient is interested and Declines referral to MH/SATP.

Figure 8 shows the content presented to the clinician if the patient's AUDIT-C score is 8 or more. This content does not ask the clinician to evaluate whether the patient is drinking above recommended limits, as the AUDIT-C score indicates that the patient is.

The content displayed educates the clinician that the patient is at high risk of dependence and to advise the patient and offer referral as appropriate. The optional interventions are the same as what is reviewed in Figures 4 to 7.

Figure 8

Figure 8. The following text appears on the computer screen when the AUDIT-C score is 8 or higher: AUDIT-C score is 8 or higher. The patient is at high risk for alcohol dependence. A brief intervention is indicated. See required interventions below. Offer referral as appropriate. Recommended limits: Men. Less than or equal to 14 drinks per week and maximum 4 drinks per occasion. Women. Less than or equal to 7 drinks per week and maximum 3 drinks per occasion. Required Interventions. Advice - choose one. Advised patient to abstain. Re-address at next visit. Advised patient about recommended limits and to drink below them. Re-address at next visit. Required Feedback. Medical problems associated with alcohol use reviewed with patient. Optional Interventions. Patient's response to counseling. Assess alcohol use in more details. Refer to MH/SATP if patient is interested. Declines referral to MH/SATP.